George IV (George Augustus Frederick)

 Born August 12, 1762 - Died June 6, 1830

George IV (George Augustus Frederick) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

George IV was born in London at St. James Palace on August 12th, 1762, the oldest son of George III. He automatically became Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay at birth. He was created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester a few days after his birth. George was a talented student and learned to speak French, German and Italian.

George IV was a sharp contrast to his father. Where is father led a scandal free life, George IV at the age of 18 was given to wild extravagance and heavy drinking. It was said he carried on an intelligent conversations both drunk or sober. By the age of 21 he was given an annual income of £50,000 from his father as well as grants from Parliament. Despite the large sums of money he was given (most of the amounts are in the Millions of Pounds in adjusted currency for today), he quickly got himself into debt. Eventually his father stopped providing him with an income and he was forced to leave Carlton House.

At the age of 21, George became infatuated with a young Catholic woman, Maria Fitzherbert. By English law, the two couldn't be wed without the express permission of the King. George and Maria ignored this and wed anyway. Their marriage was kept secret though to avoid a scandal. Maria insisted the two were married and the law of the sacrament of marriage overruled the law of the land.

In 1788, George III began to suffer from the effects of porphyria, a disease causing madness and a reduced mental function. This left Parliament in a position where they couldn't conduct business since they operated by authority of the King. It was eventually decided to make George IV his Regent, this led to fighting between members of Parliament. Eventually they came to an agreement and moved forward with the bill to make George IV Regent. Unfortunately this led to another problem, the bill couldn't be ratified without the Royal Seal, which required the King. It was decided the Lord Chancellor should affix the seal, despite it being an illegal act. Shortly after the King recovered and he declared the actions taken by Parliament and the Lord Chancellor as legal.

In 1795, George IV was pushed to marry his cousin, Princess Caroline of Brunswick. The couple were not well suited to each other and lived separately almost immediately. They had one child together Princess Charlotte who pre-deceased George IV due to complications in child birth. When George IV ascended to the throne, Caroline came to claim her position and authority as Queen Consort. George refused to acknowledge her and initially sought a divorce. He was convinced by friends and political associates he should drop the idea of a divorce since his behavior was called into question as well. Caroline passed away shortly after George's coronation, before she passed away she believed she had been poisoned.

In 1810, George III fell ill again from porphyria. The same bill was brought forward again to make George IV Regent. He was officially named Regent on February 5th, 1811.

George III passed away in 1820. George IV ascended to the throne with no real change in power since he had been the Regent for almost a decade. By the time George ascended to the throne his life of wild extravagance and heavy drinking had caught up with him. He was obese and something of a recluse, possibly because of the ridicule he came under when he showed himself in public. It was also believed he was addicted to laudanum a pain medication which contains 10% opium.

George's reign lasted only 10 years. He passed away on June 26th, 1830. As his passing approached he repented his misspent youth, confessing to an archdeacon. On the day of his passing he suddenly called out "Good God, What is this?" he grabbed the hand of his page and said "my boy, this is death" and passed away.

George IV was Grand Master of the Premier Grand Lodge of England from 1792 to 1812. He was also the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland from 1806 to 1820.

This article provided by Brother Eric C. Steele.